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LMS is a recipient of a predoctoral contract FI-AGAUR (2021 FI_B 00595), and PLC is a recipient of a predoctoral contract FPU (FPU20/02747) del Ministerio de Universidades de Espana. This research was funded partially by TAARS and INEFC.The authors would like to express their gratitude to the volunteer players for their effort and commitment to the study. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Dr. Mario Lloret for his valuable technical assistance and to Anna Codina for her meticulous analysis and quantification of immunofluorescence studies. Furthermore, the authors are thankful to PB Anguera football club for their participation and generosity in providing competitive matches.

Analysis of institutional authors

Carmona, GerardCorresponding Author

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August 11, 2024
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Hamstrings on focus: Are 72 hours sufficient for recovery after a football (soccer) match? A multidisciplinary approach based on hamstring injury risk factors and histology

Publicated to:Journal Of Sports Sciences. 42 (12): 1130-1146 - 2024-08-02 42(12), DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2386209

Authors: Carmona, Gerard; Moreno-Simonet, Lia; Cosio, Pedro Luis; Astrella, Andrea; Fernandez, Daniel; Cadefau, Joan Aureli; Rodas, Gil; Jou, Cristina; Milisenda, Jose Cesar; Cano, Maria Dolores; Aranega, Raquel; Marotta, Mario; Grau, Josep Maria; Padulles, Josep Maria; Mendiguchia, Jurdan

Affiliations

Hosp Clin & Sant Joan Deu, Sports Med Unit, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Hosp Clin Barcelona, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Hosp Sant Joan Deu Barcelona, Pathol Dept & Biobank, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Inst Invest Biomed August Pi i Sunyer IDIBAPS, Ctr Recerca Biomed CELLEX, Muscle Res & Mitochondrial Funct Lab, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Biomed Network Res Rare Dis CIBERER, Madrid, Spain - Author
Leitat Fdn, Leitat Technol Ctr, Carrer Innovacio 2, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Med Dept Futbol Club Barcelona FIFA Med Ctr Excell, Med Dept, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Rey Juan Carlos Univ, Int Doctoral Sch, Madrid, Spain - Author
Rink Hockey, Futbol Club Barcelona, Sports Performance Dept, Barcelona, Spain - Author
RX2 Sports & Hlth, Physiotherapy Dept, Madrid, Spain - Author
Sant Joan Deu Res Inst IRSJD, Appl Res Neuromuscular Dis, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall Hebron Inst Recerca, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Barcelona UB, Inst Nacl Educ Fis Catalunya INEFC, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Barcelona, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Salut, Grup Recerca Tecnol Aplicada Alt Rendimentla Salut, TecnoCampus, Passatge Adolf Comeron 10, Mataro 08302, Spain - Author
ZENTRUM Rehab & Performance Ctr, Dept Phys Therapy, Calle B Nave 3, Baranain 31010, Poligono Barana, Spain - Author
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Abstract

This study aimed to assess acute and residual changes in sprint-related hamstring injury (HSI) risk factors after a football (soccer) match, focusing on recovery within the commonly observed 72-h timeframe between elite football matches. We used a multifactorial approach within a football context, incorporating optical and ultrastructural microscopic analysis of BFlh (biceps femoris long head) muscle fibres, along with an examination of BFlh fibre composition. Changes in sprint performance-related factors and HSI modifiable risk factors were examined until 3 days after the match (MD +3) in 20 football players. BFlh biopsy specimens were obtained before and at MD +3 in 10 players. The findings indicated that at MD +3, sprint-related performance and HSI risk factors had not fully recovered, with notable increases in localized BFlh fibre disruptions. Interestingly, match load (both external and internal) did not correlate with changes in sprint performance or HSI risk factors nor with BFlh fibre disruption. Furthermore, our study revealed a balanced distribution of ATPase-based fibre types in BFlh, with type-II fibres associated with sprint performance. Overall, the results suggest that a 72-h recovery period may not be adequate for hamstring muscles in terms of both HSI risk factors and BFlh fibre structure following a football match.

Keywords

AdaptationAdultAthletic injuriesAthletic performanceBiceps femorisBiopsBiopsyCongestionConvalescenceEccentric exerciseFatigueHamstring injury risk factorsHamstring muscleHamstring musclesHumanHumansInjuryMaleMuscle fibers, skeletalMuscle injuryPatternsPelvic tiltPerformancePhysiologyPlayerRecovery of functionReliabilityRisk factorRisk factorsRunningSkeletal muscle cellSoccerSport injurySprint kineticsStrain injuriesTime factorTime factorsYoung adult

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal Of Sports Sciences due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-07-20:

  • WoS: 12
  • Scopus: 1
  • Europe PMC: 4

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-20:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 118.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 173 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 78.8.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 106 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 1 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Carmona Dalmases, Gerard) .

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been Carmona Dalmases, Gerard.